• MSG model is well characterized and widely used because

  2024-06-28

  

  MSG model is well characterized and widely used because it is not influenced by dietary components and because it mimics a lesion in the arcuate nucleus and lateral hypothalamus that can occur in chronic obese patients (Moraes et al., 2009, Purkayasta and Cai, 2013). High fat fed diet is amongst the

• Epidermal growth factor EGF has

  2024-06-28

  

  Epidermal growth factor (EGF) has been shown to increase the 12S-lipoxygenase mRNA level by about two-fold in human epidermoid carcinoma A431 cells [71]. This enzyme was shown to be of the platelet-type and associated with the microsomal fraction of the cells [71], [72]. A requirement for EGF recept

• br Materials and methods br

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  Materials and methods Results Discussion Intracellular metabolic pathways of sugar, such as glycolysis and TCA cycle, provide material and energy for the synthesis of other substances, including amino acids. Thus, the content of sugars and their metabolic pathways are important for amino re

• Adenine br Introduction Several studies have

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  Introduction Several studies have found that hypothalamic Akt-mediated signaling pathways play critical roles in the regulation of food intake and Adenine metabolism in mammals [[1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6]]. Central injections of the inhibitor of phosphoinositide 3- kinases (PI3 K, an upstream

• A highly attenuated B pertussis strain

  2024-06-28

  

  A highly attenuated B. pertussis strain, named BPZE1, has recently been described [10]. It produces enzymatically inactive pertussis toxin (PT), no dermonecrotic toxin and only trace amounts of tracheal cytotoxin. Markedly reduced lung pathology was observed in mice intranasally (i.n.) infected with

• The enzyme plays an important role in the

  2024-06-28

  

  The enzyme plays an important role in the purine metabolism of this parasite. Like other parasitic protozoa, T. gondii is incapable of de novo purine biosynthesis and depends totally on preformed purines salvaged from the host Deforolimus australia for its purine requirements and survival (Perrotto

• Small RhoGTPases are single domain nucleotide dependent bina

  2024-06-28

  

  Small RhoGTPases are single-domain nucleotide-dependent binary switches that act as highly-tuned regulators in signal transduction [1]. The cycling between active GTP-bound and inactive GDP-bound forms allows RhoGTPases to bind to or to dissociate from downstream effectors, respectively [2]. Guanine

• Luciferase Immunoprecipitation Systems LIPS which utilizes r

  2024-06-28

  

  Luciferase Immunoprecipitation Systems (LIPS), which utilizes recombinant antigens fused to the enzyme reporter Renilla luciferase (Ruc) to detect patient antibodies, provides a unique platform to investigate caspofungin directed against a variety of antigenic targets [25]. Previously, LIPS has bee

• Casein accounts for of the total protein in

  2024-06-28

  

  Casein accounts for 80% of the total protein in bovine milk (Capriotti, Cavaliere, Piovesana, Samperi, & Laganà, 2016); hydrolysates or bioactive peptides derived from casein have been employed widely in food as a functional ingredient (Capriotti et al., 2016, Field et al., 2008). Many studies have

• br Methods br Results br Discussion Autotaxin has

  2024-06-27

  

  Methods Results Discussion Autotaxin has been shown to have effects on major cell types implicated in OA, notably chondrocytes, osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and synoviocytes, through its enzymatic product LPA [20]. However, a paucity of research exists on the involvement of autotaxin in OA. Fi

• In conclusions MPE effects in causing

  2024-06-27

  

  In conclusions, MPE effects in causing lesser increase in vaginal fluid pH could partly restore the vaginal acidity in sex-steroid deficient state. MPE could exert its effect via enhancing both H+ generation as well as H+extrusion into the vaginal lumen. Although gallic WAY-100635 maleate salt is th

• Methylcobalamin It is now well established that the

  2024-06-27

  

  It is now well established that the cumulative exposure to endogenous estrogens throughout a woman's life, mainly due to her reproductive history, has an impact on the risk of hormone-dependent breast cancer (Lambertini et al., 2016). Prolonged exposure to estrogens in the case of early age at menar

• The MOB and AOB are important in ungulates Keller and

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  The MOB and AOB are important in ungulates (Keller and Levy, 2012, Sanchez-Andrade and Kendrick, 2009), which rely heavily on odorant information for social interactions (Baum and Cherry, 2015, Keller and Levy, 2012, Osada et al., 2014, Villagran and Ungerfeld, 2013). The release of GABA and glutama

• TG003 Finally the comparison between data

  2024-06-27

  

  Finally, the comparison between data obtained by antioxidant assays in in vitro cultured cells [11], [12] and in liposomes has disclosed the possibility to choose more confidently “the better phenolipid” of a series of fatty acids esters antioxidant derivatives. Looking at the physical parameters th

• br AR signaling and urothelial cancer progression As

  2024-06-27

  

  AR signaling and urothelial cancer progression As shown in other types of malignancies, such as prostate cancer cells, it has been documented that androgens induce AR expression and its nuclear translocation as well as ARE promoter activity in urothelial cancer cells (Chen et al., 2003, Izumi et 

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