• There is also a literature on the impact

  2023-10-19

  

  There is also a literature on the impact of commodity (consumption) taxation under imperfect competition. Besley (1989) applies a Cournot model, in which production takes place under IRS and in which free entry leads to an excessive number of firms in the market. Introducing a distortive specific co

• It has been known that LOX is the rate

  2023-10-19

  

  It has been known that 5-LOX is the rate-limiting enzyme for the products of LTs, and LTs actively participate in the activation of neutrophils [10]. In our study, we determined whether 5-LOX was upregulated in pancreatic tissues during ANP. Moreover, we investigated whether the inhibition of expres

• ATX LPA signaling in cancer is also

  2023-10-19

  

  ATX/LPA signaling in cancer is also well known to promote chemotherapy and radiotherapy resistance [7]. Furthermore, others have recently shown that endothelial-derived ATX activity in renal cell carcinoma promotes renal tumorgenesis and acquired resistance to sunitinib through an IL-8-mediated mech

• aldehyde dehydrogenase The first description of autophagy as

  2023-10-19

  

  The first description of autophagy as a tumour suppression process arises from the observation that the initial step regulatory gene, Atg6/BECN1, was monoallelically lost in 40% to 75% of human prostate, breast, and ovarian cancers [31]. However, while BECN1 heterozygous mutant mice develop, with lo

• Based on currently available knowledge autophagy supports

  2023-10-19

  

  Based on currently available knowledge, autophagy supports adipocytes development and differentiation. In animals with specific skeletal muscle OSI-420 of Atg7, reduced adipogenesis was shown. In rodents, autophagy was decreased in adipose tissue of animals fed with high-fat diet (HFD). In contrast

• Introduction Mitotic kinases play an

  2023-10-19

  

  Introduction Mitotic kinases play an essential role in mitosis, Aurora and other mitotic kinases are often observed over-expression in human solid and many hematologic cancers. As one of serine/threonine kinases, Aurora kinase family is involved in centrosome maturation, mitotic spindle formation,

• Introduction Lipoxygenases LOXs are key

  2023-10-19

  

  Introduction Lipoxygenases (LOXs) are key enzymes that catalyze the polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) such as arachidic dabigatran etexilate (AA), linoleic acid (LA) and others unsaturated fatty acids (Brash, 1999). LOXs are expressed in immune, neural, epithelial, tumor cells and other cells (C

• Stiripentol receptor Histochemical analyses using antibody o

  2023-10-18

  

  Histochemical analyses using antibody or cDNA probes reveal the precise cellular location of the 12S-lipoxygenases in tissues of interest. An immunohistochemical study in various rat tissues showed specific expression of the leukocyte-type 12S-lipoxygenase in macrophages in lung and spleen [27]. In

• AAT enzyme activity was readily detected in crude cell

  2023-10-18

  

  AAT enzyme activity was readily detected in crude cell-free extracts obtained from berry tissues of all accessions but displayed different substrate selectivities (Fig. 2). Cell-free extracts derived from ‘Muscat Hamburg’ berries showed the highest AAT activity with all alcoholic substrates tested,

• Interest in natural products has led to the

  2023-10-18

  

  Interest in natural products has led to the study of plant extracts as sources of ARIs. However, chemical complexity of natural extracts makes the identification of ARIs challenging and time-consuming. Identification of bioactive compounds with the desired biological effect from natural products, co

• The role of circulating physiologic concentrations of FGF in

  2023-10-18

  

  The role of circulating physiologic concentrations of FGF21 in glucose metabolism, however, remains unclear. Circulating FGF21 levels in obese and diabetic rodents, and in patients with type 2 diabetes are significantly higher than those in controls without diabetes [4], [5], [6]. On the other hand,

• Phosphodiesterase inhibition increases the intracellular lev

  2023-10-18

  

  Phosphodiesterase inhibition increases the intracellular levels of cAMP to restore spontaneous contraction (Essayan, 2001, Qi and Kwan, 1996), acting downstream of adenylyl cyclase. Therefore, cardiac arrest induced by decreased intracellular cAMP levels could be reversed by phosphodiesterase inhibi

• br Occurrence of Inosine in RNA

  2023-10-18

  

  Occurrence of Inosine in RNA Inosine is widespread among various types of RNAs including transfer RNA (tRNA), ribosomal RNA (rRNA), messenger RNA (mRNA), long noncoding RNA (lncRNA), and microRNA (miRNA). Within these RNAs, inosine can appear in different locations as well. Table 1 lists examples

• The zebrafish Danio rerio is a

  2023-10-18

  

  The zebrafish (Danio rerio) is a popular model organism for virtually any biological function of vertebrates, and has, therefore, received a wide distribution in particular in developmental biology and toxicology (Strähle et al., 2012). With respect to AChE, the zebrafish has, e.g., been identified

• Regarding androgens it is known

  2023-10-18

  

  Regarding androgens, it is known that they are also essential for reproductive success (Walters et al., 2010). At the molecular level, their effects are produced mainly by dihydrotestosterone (DHT), arising from the conversion of testosterone by the enzyme 3-oxo-5-alpha-steroid-4-dehydrogenase (enco

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