• Autophagy is a degradation pathway existing in all eukaryoti

  2020-06-08

  

  Autophagy is a degradation pathway existing in all eukaryotic organisms. It is the main system for the degradation of bulk cytoplasmic components in cells (Feng et al., 2014), but it also plays a crucial role in other processes, as immunity (Wileman, 2013), mitochondrial (Dengjel and Abeliovich, 201

• The differences between ground and transition state

  2020-06-08

  

  The differences between ground and transition state properties are exemplified by a comparison of our human–yeast results with those of a structural study of possible differences in ubiquitin-Uba-1 binding in yeast (known structure) with human (simulated in [12]). Their discussion focuses on Ubiquit

• br STAR Methods br Author Contributions br Acknowledgments T

  2020-06-08

  

  STAR★Methods Author Contributions Acknowledgments The authors thank Monika Kuhn for excellent technical assistance and Dr. Antje Schäfer for valuable scientific input. H.S. was supported by the DFG (FZ 82; Graduate School of Life Sciences and SCHI 425-6/1), and A.V.S. by Northwestern Univer

• br Discussion Several DPP inhibitors

  2020-06-08

  

  Discussion Several DPP-4 inhibitors are currently available for use in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Due to the different chemical structures there are marked differences both in the binding kinetics on the target enzyme [10] and also different pathways of elimination [13] exist. In

• Elevation of plasma glucocorticoids as well as a sympathetic

  2020-06-08

  

  Elevation of plasma glucocorticoids as well as a sympathetic activation are highly adaptive mechanisms allowing the individual to cope in various situations [39]. Novelty-induced increase in locomotor activity, characterizing the bold fish herein, accompanied by elevated glucocorticoids is a well-es

• The other interesting observation made during this study rel

  2020-06-08

  

  The other interesting observation made during this study relates to the differences between the discrete IR-induced γH2AX foci and the robust H2AX phosphorylation observed during apoptotic DNA fragmentation. The pattern of H2AX phosphorylation observed during DNA fragmentation possibly reflects the

• br Acknowledgment This work was supported by the Estonian Sc

  2020-06-08

  

  Acknowledgment This work was supported by the Estonian Science Foundation (Grant ETF8862). Introduction In higher eukaryotes ionizing-radiation (IR) induced DNA double-strand breaks (DSB) are primarily repaired by the non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) pathway [1]. Ku, a heterodimeric protein

• Long stretches of ssDNA have also been observed

  2020-06-08

  

  Long stretches of ssDNA have also been observed in rad53-1 mutant 1,2-Dilauroyl-sn-glycerol under replication stress using EM images (Sogo et al., 2002). Deletion of EXO1, a 5′-to-3′ exonuclease, can suppress the generation of ssDNA detected in rad53-1 mutant cells (Cotta-Ramusino et al., 2005). It

• br Acknowledgments br Introduction Heterocyclic chemistry ha

  2020-06-08

  

  Acknowledgments Introduction Heterocyclic chemistry has become one of the most important fields of research in pharmaceutical industry due to their many fold applications. Amongst all, heterocyclic 92 8 synthesis containing nitrogen and oxygen have shown most potent biological activities. It f

• Significantly less is known about regulation of phytocystati

  2020-06-08

  

  Significantly less is known about regulation of phytocystatin gene expression. A genomic clone corresponding to the barley cystatin Icy gene has been characterized (Gaddour et al., 2001) and the function of its promoter region has been analysed by Martínez et al. (2005b). Bioinformatic analysis of t

• Acidic substituents showed moderate biochemical activity but

  2020-06-08

  

  Acidic substituents () showed moderate biochemical activity, but these compounds showed reduced cellular potency. Additional compounds bearing a carboxylic Viroptic australia were also prepared and tested (data not shown). All of acidic compounds showed low cellular potency regardless of their bioc

• Based on the finding described above the

  2020-06-08

  

  Based on the finding described above, the present study was designed to investigate the effects of specific CRF receptors, CRF1 and CRF2, in the BLA and CeA on the duration of TI in guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus). To this end, we evaluated whether administration of the CRF1 84 9 receptor antagonist

• Stressful life events are modulators of mood

  2020-06-05

  

  Stressful life events are modulators of mood and can trigger a variety of destructive behavior, including drug abuse and relapse in addicts (Association, 2013; Chen et al., 2012; Sinha, 2009). Likewise, drug-associated stimuli evoke a negative affective state in abstinent drug users. Compelling evid

• br Acknowledgements This research was supported by Slovenian

  2020-06-05

  

  Acknowledgements This research was supported by Slovenian Research Agency (ARRS). We thank prof. R. Marinšek Logar for helpful advice, Dr. T. Kranjc for help with data management, N. Vrhovnik and G. Lavrič for technical help with preliminary growth experiments and dr. J. Burkeljca for help with g

• Just as Dorin et al and Nguyen et al write

  2020-06-05

  

  Just as Dorin et al. [2] and Nguyen et al. [3] write in regard to their models, our static model can be used to estimate the affinities of I-BET151 to albumin and CBG. Dorin et al. [2] estimates the K, but not K, since they find that their model is not particular sensitive towards changes in K. Our

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